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Prince Edward and Sophie Begin Historic Visit to Nepal

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Kathmandu, Feb 6: The Duke and Duchess of Edinburgh, Prince Edward and Sophie, have arrived in Nepal for their first-ever visit to the Himalayan nation, aiming to strengthen the deep-rooted ties between the UK and Nepal.

The royal couple was warmly welcomed by Nepal’s President, Ram Chandra Paudel, at the Presidential Palace in Maharajgunj, where they signed the visitor’s book. Their six-day visit will focus on key areas such as youth opportunities, healthcare, gender equality, and environmental conservation.

Sophie was the first to arrive in Kathmandu on Tuesday, wearing an elegant satin floral dress by Mary Katrantzou, complemented by nude Jimmy Choo heels. Prince Edward followed a few hours later after concluding his tour of India.

As part of their itinerary, the Duke and Duchess will visit Ghandruk, a scenic mountain village, and attend the Attestation Parade for new Gurkha recruits at the British Gurkha Camp in Pokhara. Their presence at the event marks the formal induction of young Nepali service personnel into the British Army, reflecting the long-standing military ties between the two nations.

The royal visit will also include engagements with organisations supporting survivors of trafficking and gender-based violence. Sophie, a known advocate for women’s rights, will meet activists working towards a more inclusive society. Additionally, the couple will interact with young participants of the Duke of Edinburgh’s International Award.

Buckingham Palace highlighted that the visit will celebrate the historic UK-Nepal relationship, following in the footsteps of previous royal visits, including those by King Charles in 1998 and Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip in 1986 and 1961.

Their arrival marks another milestone in the enduring partnership between the two nations, reinforcing shared values and commitments to progress.

Boosting Women’s Workforce Participation in South Asia: Challenges and Opportunities

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South Asia continues to have one of the lowest female labour force participation rates in the world, with over 400 million working-age women outside the workforce.
This represents a significant loss in economic output. A recent conference co-hosted by the Centre for Social and Economic Progress (CSEP) and the World Bank examined ways to improve female workforce participation, highlighting key barriers and potential solutions.

Key Challenges

Women in South Asia face numerous obstacles to employment, including safety concerns, lack of professional networks, wage disparity, and limited skills training. Workplace harassment remains a major issue, particularly in sectors like Bangladesh’s garment industry. Improving harassment reporting mechanisms is a crucial first step toward safer workplaces.

Social networks play a vital role in job opportunities, but married women often struggle to build these connections. Digital technology and self-help groups, like those in India and Nepal, could help bridge this gap. Wage disparity is another pressing concern, with Indian women’s wages growing at less than half the rate of men’s, discouraging many from joining the workforce.

Potential Solutions

Training programmes in Nepal and Bangladesh have proven effective in increasing female entrepreneurship and career progression. Meanwhile, addressing hiring discrimination is essential, as studies show Pakistani women are less likely to be offered jobs with longer hours or evening shifts. Additionally, social norms remain a major barrier, discouraging women from seeking employment outside the home.

A Promising Shift

Despite these challenges, India’s female labour force participation has risen from 21.6% in 2018-19 to 35.6% in 2023-24. However, most of these jobs are unpaid or self-employed roles in rural areas, indicating a need for higher-quality employment opportunities.

Experts stress that meaningful change requires a society-wide effort. History shows that once female employment gains momentum, it creates lasting economic and social transformation.

First Vehicle Reaches Kudi, Bajura in Nepal : A Historic Milestone for Locals

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Bajura, Feb. 5: Forget about AI and technology—history was made in Himali Rural Municipality-5, Kudi, Bajura, as a vehicle reached the village for the first time, filling the locals with immense joy and excitement.

For years, the villagers of Kudi had been waiting for proper road access, and their patience has finally paid off. Thanks to the relentless efforts of the rural municipality, the newly connected road network has transformed daily life, making transportation far easier.

Previously, locals had to walk an entire day to reach the municipal office, but now, the journey takes just an hour. This drastic reduction in travel time is a huge relief for the community.

The arrival of vehicles has also been a dream come true for 75-year-old Lalmani Rokaya. “Without a road, it was very difficult to transport our produce to the market. Now that vehicles can reach us, selling our locally grown vegetables will be much easier,” Rokaya shared with great enthusiasm.

Despite road connectivity in other parts of the municipality, Kudi had remained inaccessible for a long time due to geographical challenges. However, funds were allocated annually, and after continuous efforts, vehicles have finally started operating in the village.

Rural Municipality Chair Gobinda Bahadur Malla highlighted the achievement, stating, “Although Ward Nos. 4, 5, and 7 were connected to the road network last year, Kudi remained cut off until now.”

With jeeps and tractors now running in the area, further efforts are underway to extend road access to other wards in the municipality. The villagers, who had long been dependent on foot travel, now look forward to a future with improved connectivity, better trade opportunities, and easier access to essential services.

Nepal Officially Recognises Six New 8000ers, Raising Peak Count to 14

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KATHMANDU, Feb 1, 2025 – Nepal’s mountaineering map has been redrawn as the Department of Tourism has revised its peak profile to officially recognise 14 mountains surpassing 8,000 metres, adding six new eight-thousanders to the nation’s tally.

The updated list, pending Cabinet approval and subsequent endorsement by the International Mountaineering and Climbing Federation (UIAA), is expected to boost Nepal’s reputation in the global climbing arena.

Among the new entries are four peaks on the Kanchenjunga range – Yalung Khang (8,505 metres), Yalung Khang West (8,077 metres), Kanchenjunga Central (8,473 metres) and Kanchenjunga South (8,476 metres) – along with two from the Lhotse range, Lhotse Middle (8,410 metres) and Lhotse Shar (8,400 metres). These join the eight globally recognised eight-thousanders in Nepal, including Everest, Kanchenjunga, Lhotse, Makalu, Cho Oyu, Dhaulagiri, Manaslu and Annapurna I.

Thakur Raj Pandey, senior vice president of the Nepal Mountaineering Association, said the government’s comprehensive documentation, prepared over a decade, is now ready for international presentation. “Once the Cabinet approves the updated list, we can more effectively lobby in global forums,” he commented.

Narayan Prasad Regmi, director general of the Department of Tourism, noted that the list’s publication is a preliminary measure, with further verification of GIS data and essential details underway before formal submission to the UIAA. The move, a long-standing objective of Nepal’s mountaineering community, promises significant implications for tourism revenue. With over 2,500 climbing permits issued in 2023 generating Rs850 million, official international recognition of these peaks could further attract climbers seeking fresh challenges and set new benchmarks in Nepal’s thriving mountaineering industry.

India’s grant to Nepal remains steady at 700 crore INR for the fiscal year 

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KATHMANDU, Feb 1: India’s grant for Nepal remains unchanged this fiscal year, following Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman’s presentation of India’s 2025/2026 budget in Parliament. The allocation stands at 700 crore INR under the Ministry of External Affairs. In the previous fiscal year, India had increased Nepal’s grant from 657.38 crore INR in 2023/2024 to 700 crore INR in 2024/2025. However, this time the allocation has been maintained at 700 crore INR.

Elsewhere, India has designated its highest grant of 2,150 crore INR to Bhutan, although Bhutan’s budget has been reduced this time. The grant budget for Afghanistan has doubled from 50 crore INR last fiscal year to 100 crore INR now. Budgets for Bangladesh and Sri Lanka remain steady at 120 crore INR and 300 crore INR respectively. Additionally, India has notably raised the grant for the Maldives from 470 crore INR previously to 600 crore INR, despite strained relations due to Chinese aid.

Conversely, Myanmar’s grant budget has been reduced from 400 crore INR to 350 crore INR, while Mongolia’s allocation continues at 5 crore INR. The measured adjustments reflect India’s strategic approach towards regional partnerships. Officials emphasise that these allocations underline India’s commitment to regional stability and collaboration.

India doubled its tiger population in just over a decade

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India has doubled its tiger population in just over a decade, a study published in Science has revealed. According to estimates by the National Tiger Conservation Authority, numbers rose from 1,706 in 2010 to around 3,682 in 2022, making India home to roughly 75 per cent of the world’s tigers.

Efforts to protect these majestic creatures from poaching and habitat loss, along with measures to ensure ample prey and reduce human–wildlife conflict, have been crucial. The study also highlighted that local communities near tiger habitats have benefited from increased ecotourism revenues and footfall, which in turn has improved their living standards.

Senior scientist Yadvendradev Jhala, the study’s lead author, stated, “It’s not the human density, but the attitude of people, which matters more.” However, wildlife experts such as ecologist Arjun Gopalaswamy have noted discrepancies in the official tiger monitoring data, suggesting that some figures in the study are significantly higher than previous estimates.

The report further revealed that although tigers occupy an area comparable to the size of New York, only 25 per cent is prey-rich and protected. With 45 per cent of tiger habitats shared with nearly 60 million people, the study underscores that strong community support is essential for successful conservation.

Declining Genetic Diversity Threatens Wildlife Survival

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A new study published in Nature warns that two-thirds of animal and plant populations are losing genetic diversity, making them more vulnerable to environmental changes and disease. Researchers examined data from 628 species between 1985 and 2019, finding the greatest losses in birds and mammals.

Before extinction, species often experience shrinking and fragmented populations, reducing genetic mixing and increasing susceptibility to threats. “A surprising trend was that genetic diversity declined even among species not considered at risk,” said Catherine Grueber, a conservation biologist at the University of Sydney.

Genetic diversity allows species to adapt to new challenges, such as climate shifts or disease outbreaks. “When a species has different genetic solutions, it’s better able to deal with changes,” explained David Nogués-Bravo from the University of Copenhagen.

Conservation efforts to reconnect isolated populations can help restore genetic diversity. A notable success is the Florida panther, which suffered from inbreeding due to habitat loss. In the 1990s, biologists introduced eight female panthers from Texas, leading to a significant population increase and improved genetic health.

“Isolated populations suffer,” said Duke University ecologist Stuart Pimm. “The solution is to reconnect them.”

Boosting Female Labour Force Participation in South Asia: A Call for Policy Action

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South Asia continues to struggle with one of the lowest female labour force participation rates globally, with over 400 million working-age women outside the workforce. A recent conference co-hosted by the Centre for Social and Economic Progress (CSEP) and the World Bank explored key barriers and potential solutions to enhance women’s participation in the labour market.

Speakers highlighted major obstacles, including safety concerns, lack of social networks, slow wage growth, inadequate training, hiring discrimination, and restrictive social norms. Workplace safety remains a critical issue, with limited reporting of harassment deterring women from employment. Studies from Bangladesh show that improved reporting mechanisms could expose the widespread nature of the problem.

Social networks also play a crucial role in securing jobs, yet married women in South Asia often lack these connections. Expanding digital access, as seen in Jordan, or strengthening community-based networks, as in India’s self-help groups, could help bridge this gap. Training programmes have also proven effective, with initiatives in Nepal and Bangladesh increasing female entrepreneurship and career progression.

Wage disparity further discourages women from joining the workforce, particularly in India, where women’s wage growth has been significantly lower than men’s. Meanwhile, hiring discrimination remains a major challenge, with women in Pakistan facing limited opportunities due to workplace restrictions.

Encouragingly, India’s female labour force participation has risen from 21.6% in 2018-19 to 35.6% in 2023-24. However, much of this growth is concentrated in unpaid or self-employment in rural areas, highlighting a lack of quality job opportunities.

Experts stress that no single measure can dramatically improve South Asia’s female workforce participation. Instead, a combination of policies, societal shifts, and workplace reforms—similar to the transformations seen in Saudi Arabia and Sweden—will be essential to drive lasting change.

Empower Yourself This World Cancer Day: Know Your Body and Get Yourself Checked 

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On World Cancer Day, health professionals and faith leaders are coming together to emphasise the crucial importance of getting checked out by your GP if you notice anything in your body that could be a possible sign of cancer. 

Scheduled for Tuesday 4th February, this year’s World Cancer Day aims to raise awareness about cancer prevention and mobilise action towards early detection. Alongside this, NHS England’s latest campaign encourages everyone to be aware of their bodies and to be able to spot potential cancer symptoms, which can lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment.   

Anyone can get cancer, but finding it early makes it more treatable and could save your life. Checking your body regularly helps you to know what’s normal for you, and to notice anything that might seem different from usual. However, a recent survey by NHS England found that underhalf (46%) of South Asians regularly check for changes in their bodies.  

Something that feels unusual, or a change in your health, could be a sign of cancer so we need to make checking our bodies part of our regular routine. 

GP Dr Jyoti Sood sees World Cancer Day as the perfect opportunity for everyone in the community to start taking control of their health: 

‘The first step is to make sure you’re checking yourself regularly. Understanding what your own body normally looks and feels like means you’ll start to notice if anything is different and perhaps needs medical attention. We often prefer not to talk about cancer, but it can happen to anyone and we need to be aware.’

There are many different possible symptoms of cancer, including having tummy trouble – like diarrhoea or discomfort in that area – for more than three weeks, or blood in your urine, even just once. Unexpected weight loss or a cough for three weeks or more could also be a possible sign that needs investigating. The first step should always be to contact your GP to get checked out, but we often put off making an appointment and just hope the symptoms will go away.   

The survey found that over two thirds of South Asian people (67%) would not contact their GP about heartburn or indigestion for three weeks or more, and three quarters (76%) would not contact their GP if they had unexplained night sweats – despite both of these being potential signs of cancer. Just over 1 in 5 would put off making an appointment because they wouldn’t want to waste NHS time or be a burden, and more than a third (38%) would want to be sure it was serious before contacting their GP.  

Dr Sood explains how vital it is to act quickly if you spot anything that could be a sign of cancer:  

‘Please don’t just leave it or ‘wait and see’. The earlier you see your GP, the better the chances of treatment if it does turn out to be cancer. If your GP suspects cancer, they’ll refer you for tests. In most cases it will be nothing serious, but you’ll never be wasting your GP’s time – they’d much rather see you to make sure, so make an appointment as soon as possible.’

Over half of South Asian survey respondents (53%) also said that family was one of the most important things in their life and 1 in 5 (20%) would worry about the possible impact on their family if they got bad news about their health. 

Khrishna Bhan from the Hindu Council is clear that checking for cancer symptoms goes hand in hand with family and faith: 

‘When it comes to cancer, we owe it to ourselves and to our families to look after ourselves – it’s part of our commitment to our faith. I want to encourage everyone in the community to check themselves regularly and to see a GP if you are worried about anything, giving yourself the best chance of a long and fulfilling life.’ 

While over a third (37%) of South Asians say that they often put off a visit to the GP because they are afraid of the potential diagnosis, an overwhelming 87% – almost 9 in 10 -felt a sense of relief after the last time they had a health issue checked with their GP.  

Divyesh Trivedi is thankful to be cancer free, having previously had Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma – a type of blood cancer. He urges others to get checked so that they can live their lives with peace of mind. 

‘Don’t be scared to get checked by a medical professional and put your mind at rest, even if you think a symptom is trivial.  It may well be nothing, but if it is cancer, the earlier you are diagnosed and treated, the more likely you are to recover.’ 

This World Cancer Day, let’s all put our health first and get checked.  

If something in your body doesn’t feel right, contact your GP practice. If your GP suspects cancer they’ll refer you for further tests. It’s probably nothing serious, but finding cancer early makes it more treatable and can save lives.     

For more information on cancer signs and symptoms go to nhs.uk/cancersymptoms  

CodersTrust Honoured in HolonIQ’s 2024 South Asia EdTech 100

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DHAKA, Bangladesh, Jan. 20, 2025 – CodersTrust, a global EdTech company headquartered in New York City, has been recognised as one of the most dynamic and innovative EdTech startups in the 2024 HolonIQ South Asia EdTech 100. This prestigious accolade highlights CodersTrust’s efforts in transforming education, empowering learners, and addressing the skills gap in South Asia’s rapidly evolving workforce.

The HolonIQ South Asia EdTech 100 celebrates organisations reshaping learning, teaching, and upskilling for the digital-first economy. CodersTrust joins industry leaders such as NxtWave and Zell Education for its excellence in professional certification and technology-driven training.

Aziz Ahmad, Co-Founder of CodersTrust, remarked, “Being recognised in HolonIQ’s South Asia EdTech 100 underscores our mission to empower learners with the skills needed to excel in today’s workforce. This honour motivates us to continue delivering accessible, impactful education.”

With its tailored programs focused on digital skills, professional certification, and career development, CodersTrust caters to diverse learners and industries, including technology, finance, and healthcare. This marks the second time the company has made the esteemed list, reaffirming its significant contributions to workforce development.

Tuan Nguyen Anh, Founder of Boston Global Forum, praised CodersTrust’s efforts in building a skilled workforce, aligning with Bangladesh’s vision of an innovative economy. Roland Schatz, Founder of UNGSII Foundation, added, “CodersTrust’s inclusion highlights its innovation in equipping learners with in-demand skills.”

Founded in 2014, CodersTrust has trained tens of thousands globally, expanding into markets such as Bangladesh, Kenya, Europe, and Malaysia. By blending high-quality training methods with flexible learning platforms, the company continues to drive global digital transformation.

‘The Echoes of the Himalayas’ being organised in London on 6 February

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London – The Echoes of the Himalayas, a vibrant event celebrating the rich traditions of the Himalayan region through mesmerising performances of music, poetry, and dance, will take place on 6 February at 1:00 pm at the auditorium of Universal Peace Federation UK in London. The event is being hosted by The Centre for Nepalese Culture – NEPAL Centre UK and supported by UPF-UK, GINI London, The Lamichhane Foundation, and Here and Now 365.

This cultural celebration promises to bring the spirit of the Himalayas to life, showcasing the region’s timeless artistic expressions. Nirmal Kumar Thapa, Founder President of the Centre, shared: “The event aims to offer a taste of Himalayan music, poetry, and dance in a land where vibrancy thrives. We’ve hosted musical events, poetry recitals, art exhibitions, and book launches in the past, and the love and support from diverse audiences have been overwhelming. We hope for the same response this year as well.”

Since its inception at the House of Lords in 2019, the Centre for Nepalese Culture has organised numerous programmes across the globe, achieving significant success in promoting the cultural heritage of the Himalayas. Nirmal Kumar Thapa’s contributions to art, culture, and literature were recently honoured with the International Book of Honour England award at the UK’s House of Lords in November 2023.

Dr Sangita Swechcha, Coordinator of the Centre, added: “We are thrilled with the Centre’s growth and the continued support we’ve received. Many of our initial plans from 2019 have come to fruition, and we look forward to reaching new milestones while further celebrating the richness of Himalayan culture.”

This event not only highlights the Centre’s dedication to preserving and promoting the cultural heritage of the Himalayas but also serves as a platform for fostering global connections and appreciation.

‘Climate Change is creating risk to food security and  fuelling migration in countries of Global South’ -Dr. Giri Kandel

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A researcher and faculty of FAPPZ at the Czech University of Life Sciences (CZU) in Prague, DR GIRI KANDEL specialises in climate change, adaptation strategies, food security, and migration. In addition to research, Dr. Kandel teaches Institutional and Behavioural Science as well as he Farming System at CZU. He is currently involved in three European projects: Eco-Ready Project, Inspire Project, and Nostradamus Project, which focus on developing resilience strategies and policy tools for addressing the socioecological challenges of climate change, particularly within the European food system. Kandel obtained MSc in Agricultural Economics from Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, and obtained PhD in Sustainable Development from the same university. He spoke to BHAGIRATH YOGI on the impact of climate change on agriculture and migration, among others. Excerpts of the interview: 

What are the key ways in which climate change is currently affecting food security in the Global South?

Climate change adversely affects food security in the Global South, primarily through its effects on agriculture. An increase in extreme weather events, including droughts, floods, and landslides, has led to a decline in agricultural productivity and food availability. In addition, erratic rainfall primarily disrupts conventional farming systems, creating challenges for farmers. Many farmers in the Global South rely heavily on rain-fed agriculture, making them especially vulnerable to climate variability.

Furthermore, the shift in climate zones has introduced new pests and diseases, threatened crops and livestock and added another layer of risk. The limited access to resources, information, technology, and financial support further exacerbates these challenges, particularly for smallholder farmers. These cascading effects indicate that food insecurity is not merely a problem of availability but also accessibility, utilization, and stability—the key pillars of food security. In the Global South, where communities are particularly vulnerable due to limited adaptive capacity, the synergistic effect of these factors places them at risk of chronic hunger and malnutrition.

What has been the impact of climate change on food security and migration especially among smallholder farmers in Nepal? 

According to Maplecroft’s Climate Change Vulnerability Index, Nepal is ranked the fourth most vulnerable country worldwide, receiving a “Severe” rating, the highest category. Meanwhile, in Nepal, the nexus between climate change, food security, and migration is deeply interconnected. Nepal’s smallholder farmers, who depend almost entirely on rain-fed agriculture, are highly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate extreme events. These events substantially impact crop yields and livestock production, reducing the availability and accessibility of food and pushing many households into food insecurity. 

On the other hand, migration plays a critical role in the adaptation strategy for these farmers. Despite agriculture being the primary sector for income, it no longer provides a reliable livelihood, and many seek opportunities elsewhere. For instance, seasonal and long-term migrations, both within the country and abroad, have become increasingly common in Nepal. The remittances frequently offer a temporary economic buffer and enhance food security within their households. However, in the long term, the departure of agricultural labourers from their countries of origin can lead to a decline in domestic productivity and, in many cases, to the abandonment of agricultural land due to a labour shortage. This dual impact highlights the complexity of the problem, as migration provides temporary relief but often exacerbates long-term agricultural challenges.

 Did you see farmers in Nepal employing any adaptation measures in the wake of the climate change?

Indeed, farmers in Nepal are implementing various adaptation measures to combat the impacts of climate change, though the effectiveness of these measures varies. Many are shifting towards drought-resistant and early maturing crop varieties, which offer some resilience against erratic rainfall and prolonged dry spells. Crop diversification, particularly the move towards high-value crops like vegetables and fruits, has also gained traction, especially in hilly and mountainous regions. Also, irrigation has become a critical tool, with farmers increasingly investing in rainwater harvesting and small-scale irrigation systems to combat drought conditions. Other strategies, such as agroforestry practices, which integrate trees with crops, help reduce soil erosion and maintain ecosystem stability. Beyond farming practices, many households diversify their income sources by engaging in off-farm activities, while temporary migration provides a financial buffer during difficult periods. These adaptation strategies are indicative of the resilience and resourcefulness of Nepalese farmers. However, implementing these strategies is hindered by several factors, including limited access to resources, credit, information, and modern technology.

 What did your study find regarding the state of climate migration in Nepal?

Our study revealed that climate migration in Nepal is not merely an emerging phenomenon, but a profoundly entrenched coping mechanism employed by smallholder farmers. Due to recurring climate shocks, such as droughts and floods, many farmers cannot sustain their livelihoods through agriculture alone. Hence, migration, particularly seasonal and short-term, has become a common strategy to diversify household income and mitigate the impacts of food insecurity.

A combination of environmental, economic, and social factors often influences the decision to migrate. Climate-induced disasters degrade agricultural land and disrupt local economies, pushing individuals and families to seek better opportunities in urban areas or abroad. Our study showed that the remittances by migrants have played a significant role in improving the food security of their households. However, the lack of labour in rural farming communities has also led to challenges, including land abandonment and reduced agricultural productivity, which poses significant risks to long-term food security. 

 How do you see the relationship between climate change and migration patterns evolving in the coming decades?

Looking ahead, the relationship between climate change and migration will likely intensify. As climate impacts become more severe and frequent, we can expect a surge in migration from rural areas highly dependent on agriculture. Regions such as the Himalayan foothills in Nepal are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. Agriculture in this area struggles to cope with changing rainfall patterns and soil degradation. Migration will broaden its scope, encompassing seasonal and short-term movements and more permanent relocations within countries and across borders. 

Urban centres will face increased pressure as more migrants search for jobs and better living conditions, potentially straining infrastructure and public services. This evolving dynamic underscores the urgent need for governments and international organizations to address the root causes of climate migration. Strategies must include building resilience in rural areas through improved adaptation measures, ensuring equitable access to resources, and creating economic opportunities that reduce migration needs. 

 Could you provide examples of specific regions or communities in the Global South that are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change on food security? 

Certainly. Mountainous regions, such as the Himalayan part of Nepal, are especially vulnerable due to their fragile ecosystems and reliance on rain-fed agriculture. Similarly, the semi-arid regions of Sub-Saharan Africa face recurrent droughts that devastate crop yields and exacerbate food insecurity. Moreover, coastal communities in South and Southeast Asia, including parts of Bangladesh and the Mekong Delta in Vietnam, are under threat from rising sea levels, storm surges, and salinization of farmland. 

These regions often lack the infrastructure and adaptive capacity to respond effectively to climate shocks. The most vulnerable populations, including smallholder farmers and marginalized communities, bear the brunt of these impacts. These areas face chronic food insecurity and escalating migration pressures if no significant intervention is taken soon.

What role do you think local governments and international organisations need to play in mitigating the impact of climate change on food security and migration? 

The local governments and international organisations have a pivotal role in mitigating the impact of climate change on food security and migration. They must focus on building community resilience by promoting sustainable farming practices, improving access to irrigation, and ensuring the availability of drought-resistant seeds and other climate-smart technologies. Moreover, financial services, such as microloans and insurance, can help farmers invest in adaptive measures.

On the other hand, international organisations should play a key role in funding large-scale climate adaptation programs and facilitating technology transfer specifically to vulnerable regions. To address the interconnected challenges of food security, climate change, and migration, local governments, NGOs, and international stakeholders must collaborate in creating conducive policies.

What strategies or solutions have you found to be most effective in enhancing food security in the face of climate change in the Global South? 

Based on my research, effective strategies to enhance food security in the face of climate change in the Global South must be tailored to specific locations and contexts, as a single approach due to the region’s diversity. However, specific strategies have shown significant promise. The concept of climate-smart agriculture, which integrates conservation agriculture, agroforestry, and pest management, has demonstrated considerable potential. Moreover, promoting crop diversification, especially with high-value or drought-resistant crops, helps reduce the risk of crop failure. 

Investments in rural infrastructure, such as irrigation systems and storage facilities, are essential for stabilizing food systems. Additionally, supporting smallholder farmers through access to credit, technology, and market linkages empowers them to implement adaptation strategies. Also, fostering community-based approaches, such as cooperative farming and knowledge-sharing networks, strengthens resilience at the grassroots level. By combining these strategies with robust policy support, we can build a sustainable and food-secure future in the Global South.

Dr Rijal re-elected President of Britain Nepal Chamber of Commerce 

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London – Dr Kapil Rijal has been re-elected as President of the Britain Nepal Chamber of Commerce (BNCC).

The  Annual General Meeting (AGM) of th BNCC, held on 17th January, re-elected Dr. Rijal as the Chair of the organisation. Dr. Rijal is a successful entrepreneur, film director and producer. 

Promoting bilateral trade and investment in Nepal and working for the mutual benefit of entrepreneurs of Nepal and the UK are key objectives of the BNCC. The BNCC organises activities to help organisations deliver their goals, to become aware of business opportunities and to promote their interests with the Britain and Nepal business communities. 

The AGM elected Biraj Bhatta and Indra Giri as Vice Chairmen and Rajendra Shrestha as Secretary. Richard Pelly who served as honorary CEO of BNCC stepped down after 10 years’ of service. 

Steve Buckley is elected as the new honorary CEO. Steve entered into British Diplomatic Service in early 1970s and has extensive knowledge of trade in Asia Pacific region. He previously served as Director of Trade and Investment at the British High Commissions in Thailand and Malaysia. Similarly, Nadia Williams, Santosh Mandal, Kamal Paudel, Anjani Phuyal, B P Khanal, Basanta Nepal, Anil Neupane, Prabhu Neupane, Deepak Shrestha, Mitchell Campbell, Krishna Bhatta, Masoud Angiz, Bikash Nepal and Prakash Dhungana have been elected as executive members of the BNCC.

 Adam Gilchrist and Rajen Kandel will remain as Honorary President and vice president respectively.

Chairman Dr.  Rijal and Vice Chairman Biraj Bhatta gave brief overview of the activities of the organisation over the past year and outlined the future activities of the organisation. Newly elected CEO Steve Buckley hoped to bring in his experience to help promote trade and investment between the UK and Nepal. 

Dr. Rijal presented a token of appreciation to outgoing CEO Richard Pelly for his outstanding service to the organisation. Richard Pelly had previously led a BNCC trade delegation to Nepal and had helped to organise various successful events.

Outgoing Treasurer, Indra Giri, presented   the financial report of the organisation.

Addressing the AGM, Deputy Chief of Mission at the Embassy of Nepal, Bipin Duwadi,  congratulated the newly elected committee and appreciated the continuous effort of BNCC in promoting trade and investment between Nepal and the UK. He called upon the BNCC to collaborate to organise  initiatives such as Nepal Development Conference, seminars and other activities to promote trade, tourism and investment. programs through collaborative approach. 

Investors and entrepreneurs both from the UK and Nepali diaspora were present in the meeting.

 Ambassador of Nepal to the United Kingdom, Mr Chandra Kumar Ghimire, is the Patron of the BNCC.

Nepal-India teaming up for promoting cross-border religious tourism

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CB Adhikari
Agra (India) : Tourism entrepreneurs of Nepal and India have expressed shared commitment for promoting cross-border religious tourism.    


At an interaction among tourism entrepreneurs of both the countries, hosted in coordination and collaboration with the Embassy of India in Nepal, Nepal Tourism Board and Uttar Pradesh Tourism Board of India, the participants came up with the commitment to work in tandem for tourism promotion.    


According to tourism-related agencies and businesspersons of both the countries, the two countries will collaborate for reaping mutual benefits by widening the partnership in the promotion of religious tourism in the border areas.    


As part of its preparation, Nepali businessmen were recently offered a six-day exposure visit of various religious sites in India. In this connection, an introductory visit to the world famous religious and tourism places like Mathura, Agra, Prayagraj, Lucknow, Banaras and Ayodhya along with interactions were held among tourism entrepreneurs.    


During the visit, tourism entrepreneurs openly discussed the tourism possibilities, challenges and opportunities in both the countries.     



Additional Strategic Officer of Uttar Pradesh Tourism Department Akash Deep said such an event would significantly contribute to enhance cooperation for the development of tourism in both the countries.    


Agra Travel Agents Association General Secretary Kaushlendra Singh commented the discussions were successful in highlighting the potentials of religious tourism between Nepal and India. He pledged to encourage Indian tourists to visit tourism spots of Nepal after a briefing from Nepali entrepreneurs and representatives of Nepal Tourism Board (NTB) about the religious tourism sites.    


NTB Senior Manager Shraddha Shrestha shared that the event was organized to highlight tourism potentials between the two countries, enhancing cooperation between entrepreneurs and promoting inter-country tourism.    


Likewise, Janakpur Sub-Metropolitan City mayor Manoj Kumar Sah said they were teaming up to develop Ayodhya and Janakpur as Ramayana circuit.    


Tourism entrepreneur Maya Prasad Bhatta stressed the need for collaboration to take tourists to new tourism destinations in the far-western region. “There is a need for cooperation between the two countries in the promotion of jungle safari and various religious pilgrimage sites, sacred areas like Badhimalika and Khaptad,” he said.    


In order to promote religious tourism of Nepal and India, promotional programmes were also organized in Venares.    


President of Vanarasi Tourism Gilt, Santosh Kumar Singh said both sides should tap benefits of the centuries-old religious and cultural relations between Nepal and India. Stating that Nepal and India are important tourist destinations for both Buddhists and Hindus, he urged the Hindu Nepali tourists to participate in the Kumbha Mela to be held in India after 12 years.    


He also said that many Indian tourists were eager to visit Nepal if Nepal’s road infrastructure could be improved.    


Deputy Director of Uttar Pradesh Tourism Department R K Rawat said that the collective initiative by Nepal and India for the promotion of religious tourism was inspiring and stressed the need to continue exchanges.    


Earlier, a formal programme related to tourism was organized by the Uttar Pradesh Tourism Department in Lucknow. During the meeting, discussions were held on the upcoming tourism strategy along with interaction and exchange of business experience between the government agencies and private sector tourism entrepreneurs related to tourism of both the countries.   

  
At the invitation of Uttar Pradesh Tourism Department, 23 Nepali businesspersons, government representatives and media persons participated in the programme.    


Earlier, Nepal had invited tourism entrepreneurs from India and Uttar Pradesh to Nepal to inform them about the tourism sectors of Nepal and announced to continue such programmes by preparing an annual schedule between the two tourism boards. RSS 

Brazil Demands Explanation from Meta Over Discontinuation of Fact-Checking Program

Posted on by SAT News Desk

London — The Brazilian government has issued an extrajudicial notice to Meta, the parent company of Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp, demanding an explanation for its decision to discontinue its data verification program. The Attorney General’s Office has given Meta 72 hours to respond, according to the Anadolu News Agency.

The government emphasized Brazil’s strict legislation to protect vulnerable populations and prevent social media platforms from becoming hubs for disinformation and hate speech. “We will not allow these networks to turn the environment into digital carnage or barbarism,” the government stated.

The notice also called for the removal of an AI-generated video posted on Thursday that falsely attributed comments to Finance Minister Fernando Haddad about a tax on pets and prenatal animals. Authorities flagged the video as spreading fraudulent information.

Meta recently announced it would replace its traditional fact-checking program with a “community notes” feature, similar to the system used by X (formerly Twitter). Brazilian officials warned Meta to align its practices with the country’s 1988 Constitution and other laws protecting fundamental rights.

This move is part of Brazil’s broader crackdown on social media platforms accused of facilitating the spread of harmful content. In the past, authorities have taken legal action against platforms like TikTok and X, even temporarily suspending their services in the country.

Elon Musk Sparks Debate Over Population Decline, Migration, and Humanity’s Future

Posted on by SAT News Desk

Elon Musk has reignited the debate over the world’s declining population, calling it one of humanity’s greatest threats. Taking to X (formerly Twitter), Musk shared a graph depicting dramatic demographic shifts projected between 2018 and 2100, focusing on nations like Nigeria, the US, China, and India. The post, originally shared by Tesla Owners Silicon Valley, bore the caption: “Population collapse is humanity’s greatest threat… Elon Musk,” to which Musk responded with a definitive “Yes.”

However, Musk’s comments have stirred controversy. Critics accuse him of hypocrisy, pointing out his disdain for third-world immigrants seeking economic opportunities, despite their significant role in bolstering economies and filling labor market gaps. This contradiction has fueled heated discussions online, with some questioning Musk’s selective sympathy for declining populations while dismissing the contributions of migrants.

The Global Population Decline Crisis

Population decline is not a new concern for experts, but the scale and speed of the issue are gaining attention. Declining fertility rates, aging populations, and emigration are driving the trend. A stable population requires a fertility rate of 2.1 children per woman— a target most countries are failing to meet.

The United Kingdom exemplifies this trend, with the fertility rate in England and Wales hitting a record low of 1.44 children per woman in 2023, according to the Office for National Statistics. Globally, fertility rates have dropped from 5.3 children per woman in 1963 to less than half that figure today.

Projected Population Shifts by 2100

The graph Musk shared highlights profound demographic changes expected by the century’s end. In 2018, India and China each had populations of approximately 1.5 billion. By 2100, India’s population is projected to shrink to just under 1.1 billion, while China’s population is expected to plummet to 731.9 million— a staggering loss of 731 million people.

Meanwhile, Nigeria is forecasted to become the second-most populous country, with a population of 790.1 million. The Democratic Republic of the Congo and Ethiopia are also expected to experience substantial growth, surpassing current giants like Indonesia and Pakistan.

Migration: A Lifeline for Some Nations

While population decline poses challenges, migration offers a buffer for certain nations. The United States is projected to remain the fourth-most populous country by 2100, thanks to positive net migration. Similarly, Canada and Australia are expected to maintain stable populations through pro-migration policies.

Conversely, nations like Indonesia and Pakistan will see slight declines, while China and India grapple with more dramatic reductions, potentially reshaping global political and economic dynamics.

A Complex Debate

Musk’s statements, while highlighting a legitimate concern, have reignited debates on migration and humanity’s future. Many argue that embracing immigration could address declining populations and labor shortages, while others warn of the broader economic and geopolitical implications of such shifts.

As the world faces the complex realities of population decline, the debate underscores the need for thoughtful policies that balance demographics, migration, and economic sustainability.